Brief:
In 2000, the International Union for Cancer Control and the World Health Organization, seeing a sharp rise in global cancer incidence and mortality, convened a World Cancer Summit in Paris and signed the Paris Charter Against Cancer. Cancer metastasizes, caused by both internal and external causes. Calcium ions have the ability to maintain cells sticking to each other. It should be said that this internal cause is the decisive factor for cancer cells to metastasize.
The charter stipulates that February 2 of each year is World Cancer Day, and the publicity of cancer prevention and treatment should be carried out simultaneously throughout the world, including science popularization and rehabilitation publicity. Let's talk about this serious topic today.
Humans have a long history of fighting cancer. In the 20 years of the 80s of the 10th century, cancer research progressed the fastest, and there were many new understandings in the causes and growth of cancer; There are also many new gains of treatment and the development of new drugs. However, it is far from the requirements for actually subduing cancer. Humanity has yet to continue to make enormous efforts.
Why is cancer so stubbornly rampant?
In addition to the complex carcinogenic factors, there is also a very headache feature, that is, cancer cells are easy to spread and metastasize. When the patient's family hears the doctor say that it has spread and transferred, it will be as if someone has knocked on the head, and they will suddenly despair. Because any metastatic cancer indicates that it has reached the advanced stage of the disease.
Cancer to a vicious criminal:
This characteristic that cancer likes to metastasize makes it more difficult for humans to conquer it. It is not an exaggeration to compare cancer to a "vicious criminal"; It should be said that it is also accurate to call cancer a "wandering criminal". Cancer metastasizes, caused by both internal and external causes. From the internal cause, the main reason is that cancer cells are not as "secure" as normal cells, and when they get together for a long time, they will "quarrel and fight". This character of cancer cells is mainly due to the fact that the calcium content of the cell membrane is too small. Calcium ions have the ability to maintain cells sticking to each other. Because the normal cells of the human body have normal calcium content, the gravitational and repulsive forces between each other can be balanced. But cancer cells are very different, and their calcium content is only about half that of normal cells. The lack of calcium ions, coupled with the fact that cancer cells also release some diffusion factors (such as hyaluronidase), so that the charge on the surface of cancer cells is out of balance, resulting in the rejection of cancer cells. This repulsion is the "driving force" of cancer cell metastasis.
Cause:
It should be said that this internal cause is the decisive factor for cancer cells to metastasize. In addition, various external factors such as muscle contraction at the tumor site, peristalsis of internal organs, massage, compression, and cancer cell shedding during surgery will also promote the spread and metastasis of cancer cells.
Cancer cells spread and metastasize have a certain regularity, and there are roughly four ways and pathways;
1. Lymphatic metastasis. After the cancer cells invade the lymphatic vessels, they circulate with lymph fluid to the regional lymph nodes. This group of lymph nodes then metastasizes to the next group of lymph nodes, forming extensive lymphatic metastases. Lymph nodes with metastasis of cancer cells will increase in size, harden in texture, and fuse into clumps. Therefore, when hard, large lymph nodes suddenly appear, it is necessary to check in time.
2. Blood transfer. Cancer cells invade blood vessels and metastasize to other parts of the body. Cancer cells such as gastric cancer and choriocarcinoma will circulate through the blood, first to the lungs, forming multiple metastases in the lungs on both sides, and at the same time, they will spread to other organs and tissues through the lungs. Blood metastasis is a major pathway and the main metastasis route for cancer cells in organ cancers of the digestive tract.
3. Third, serosal cavity transfer. When visceral cancer invades the serous membrane, the cancer cells fall off and are planted on other serous membranes like seeds. This phenomenon of transfer is called "implant transfer", also known as "cavity transfer".
4. Local diffusion. With the primary lesion as the center, the cancer cells spread out along the perimeter, and the shape is irregular, some resemble tree roots, some resemble crab feet.
Humans are fighting cancer more actively. Some predict that in the 21st century, mankind will make unexpected progress in conquering cancer.
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