Causes

Migraine (migraine) is a common recurrent headache disorder, characterized by pulsating severe headache on one or both sides, and mostly occurs on one side of the head, and may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, fear of sound and light symptoms such as irritation. The academic community defines it as a chronic neurovascular disease.

Disease type

The academic community has a very detailed classification of migraine, which is more used in academic research. According to the main clinical manifestations of headache, it can be classified into migraine without aura, migraine with aura, and chronic migraine, etc. The first two types are detailed in the symptom section.

Chronic migraine refers to attacks that meet the characteristics of migraine for more than 15 days per month, for 3 consecutive months or more, and at least 8 days per month. The diagnosis of this type of headache requires the exclusion of other causes of headache, especially headache caused by drug overdose.

There are also some clinically rare types of migraine:

Brainstem migraine with aura

Also known as basal migraine, as the name suggests, the aura symptoms of this type of headache originate in the brainstem and can be very severe, such as sudden slurred words (dysarthria), dizziness, tinnitus, inaudible or even inaudible, inability to see Objects can't be seen in clear or part of the field of vision (visual field defect), unsteady walking, ataxia, and in more severe cases, sudden unconsciousness. But this type of migraine usually has no symptoms of motor weakness.

Hemiplegic migraine

As the name implies, there are symptoms like "hemiplegia", where one side of the body is weak, and at the same time there are at least signs of abnormal vision, sensation, and speech.

Retinal migraine

This type presents as recurrent fully reversible monocular visual impairment, including flickering, scotoma, and even blindness, but the ophthalmic examination is normal. This type of migraine is distinguished from brainstem migraine with aura in that the visual symptoms are limited to one eye.